From sprawling forests to abundant lakes, and northern lights to the midnight sun, Finland showcases an impressive array of natural wonders. But what often doesn’t get enough limelight is Finland’s rich biological diversity. So, let’s set off on an exploration to discover Finland’s unique spectrum of plants, animals, and ecosystems.
Unspoiled Wilderness: Finland’s Proliferous Ecosystems
Finland is home to wildly diverse geographical features, resulting in varied ecosystems teeming with life. The nation hosts close to 40 national parks, each one of them a wellspring of biodiversity.
In the south, Finland’s coastline extends over 1,250 kilometers embellished with archipelagos and marine ecosystems. Heading northwards, it transitions into expansive forests that encompass up to 78% of the country’s total land area. These woodlands serve as a haven for countless species of flora and fauna.
Climbing further north, it’s impossible to miss the wilderness of the Finnish Lapland – an Arctic landscape characterized by tundra, fell fields, and heaths. Simultaneously, the glistening bodies of over 188,000 lakes, scattered all around the nation, add their unique touch to Finland’s rich biodiversity.
Spectrum of Flora: Green Gems of Finland
Amidst this rich ecosystem, Finland is naturally blessed with a vast array of plant species. The green cloak of Finland boasts over 1,000 species of vascular plants, around 3,000 species of fungi, and an estimable number of lichen.
The must-mention king of Finland’s plant kingdom is the Pine tree. It’s the country’s national tree, shaping the Finnish forest’s skyline and serving a crucial role in the country’s economy.
Not to forget the country’s emblem – the Lily of the Valley. This shade-loving plant, in full bloom during May-June, spreads its sweet fragrance all over Finnish meadows and forests. Another noteworthy entity is the carnivorous Sundew that thrives in Finnish mires.
Children of the arctic weather, dwarf birch, crowberry, and the rare, vibrant Calypso orchid, also constitute the rich plant palette of the Finnish Lapland.
Spectacular Fauna: From Bears to Butterflies
Finland’s thriving ecosystems provide the perfect terrain for a varied range of animal species to flourish. The forest life is dominated by moose, bears, lynxes, and wolves. Squirrels, hares, and a variety of rodents also reside here.
Brown bears, in particular, hold a special place in Finnish tradition and mythology. The Saimaa Ringed Seal, one of the rarest seals globally, adorns the Finnish lakes while the Baltic Sea houses an isolated population of grey seals.
The avian world of Finland is resplendent with about 250 bird species, from the exceptional Siberian Jay to the grand Golden eagle.
In contrast, warmer summers bring a plethora of insects like bumblebees, butterflies, and unique beetles into the limelight.
Conservation Efforts: Safeguarding Finland’s Biodiversity
Preserving this precious biodiversity has always been of paramount importance to Finland. With an extensive network of protected areas comprising national parks and wildlife refuges, Finland’s authorities have dedicated their best efforts to conserve the nation’s biological wealth and monitor threatened species and habitats closely.
Conclusion: A Haven of Biological Diversity
Finland’s biodiversity, often overlooked in favor of its scenic sights and Northern Lights, is indeed a part of its heart and soul. Coupled with the robust conservation measures, Finland’s flora and fauna have thrived over the years and today, it stands as a beacon of untamed, unspoiled biological diversity.
As we celebrate this Nordic haven’s biodiversity, let us remember that it is not just a testament to Finland’s beauty, but also a salient reminder of our compelling duty towards Mother Nature’s preservation and care. Whether we are residents or visitors, Finland’s diverse biological tapestry beckons us to respect and protect its thriving ecosystems.